Da Vinci’s Pizza Case Study



BACKGROUND OF THE COMPANY (2009)

History
It all started with the Lee brothers’ love for pizza. Pizza had always been the family’s favorite and treating themselves to such a delicious snack was slowly becoming a habit. It was only natural that they eventually made pizzas that catered to their need.

They went to try on various ingredients keeping in mind the flavor and texture that suit their taste. The Lee brothers thought that instead of the customary red sauce, the pizza was to have white sauce. The first white sauce pizzas were cooked for the family to enjoy. Pizzas of different styles and toppings were made and eventually, guests were served as well. The white sauce pizzas became such a success that hobby turned into business. Having always preferred the white sauce to the traditional tomato sauce, they decided to incorporate the savory taste on their pizzas. The first ever white sauce pizzas were available to Cebu customers last June 2003. Like any new company, it had a shaky start but as word got out, more and more people were lining up. In fact the pizzas became so famous that it had won an award on October 2005, April 2006 and August 2006 for Most Outstanding Pizza Parlor in Metro Cebu (non-mall based category).
As young boys, the Lee brothers were huge fans of the hit comic series, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. This gave them inspiration of a comical idea to name the venture after one of their favorite childhood character, Leonardo of Ninja Turtle. Also, art was something they wanted to feature in their restaurant so they opted for “Da Vinci”, stylish yet sophisticated.

After four years of serving the community, Da Vinci’s Pizza now has five branches total all over Cebu, Jones, Mandaue, Mactan, I.T Park Lahug and Pasco Arcenas Banawa.

Existing Market Situation
The company’s existing markets are those in the class B and C, who enjoy eating white sauce pizzas and the traditional tomato sauce pizzas. It caters specifically to teenagers (together with friends), families, professionals (e.g. Call Center Agents) and the like. Da Vinci’s Pizza caters to walk in customers, accepts orders for home and office deliveries.
The products offered by Da Vinci’s Pizza are generally white sauce and tomato sauce pizzas. They also have a variety of drinks; from sodas, iced teas and alcoholic beverages. The concepts of most of the company’s pizzas are related to art, from the name and designs of each pizza to the interior design its restaurants or outlets.

Da Vinci’s Pizza only has one uniform family size, 12” in diameter with ten slices. They only offer thin pizza crust with different choices of toppings. The weight of the pizza depends on the kind and the number of topping in a pizza. Customers can choose from their famous white sauce pizza, tomato sauced pizza and even the toppings in Da Vinci’s Pizzas “paint a pizza”. The color also depends on the ingredients used and how well it is cooked. It is served hot in a metal plate or in an octagon shaped box for deliveries.
The prices of the pizzas offered at Da Vinci’s Pizza ranges from 188 to 254 pesos. Some drinks like a 1.5 liter of sodas is for 65 pesos and 40 pesos for bottomless iced teas. This price is consistent in all of its 5 branches.

Da Vinci’s Pizza is into wholesaling, manufacturing and retailing which is the type of primary participants they are into. They employ the Corporate Vertical Marketing System where in their channel situation integrates successive stages of production and has an organization that gains control of distribution under single ownership.

At present Da Vinci’s Pizza is into promotional activities. They have radio ad with their jingle, which can be heard at WRock and Y101. They also do advertising in newspapers when there is a new product available and a newly opened branch. They have flyers with their product offerings and contact details. They also have posters and tarpaulins found in their branches. Da Vinci’s Pizza also has their own website that features their pizzas, the company history and as well their contact details. They also advertise in yellow pages. The company is also into tie-ins and also does sponsorships on selected events and concerts. These strategies are employed to encourage consumers into buying their pizzas.

SWOT ANALYSIS
Strength
Their Financial and Management divisions are fundamentally strong. The financial condition of the company is healthy since the start of operations. They never had any financial assistance from financial institutions. Moreover, in so far as management is concerned it does have a strong and good relationship with their employees and staffs.

They are the sole providers of white sauced pizza catering to their identified market. Prices of each pizza are reasonable for the consumers to enjoy.

Da Vinci’s pizza can command in their suppliers. They don’t merely depend only on one supplier. If the other supplier don’t have stocks or cannot meet the delivery time given, Da Vinci’s Pizza will not have any problems because they have another option or a back up supplier.

Da Vinci’s Pizza Corporation doesn’t have any intermediaries; they act as the manufacturer at the same time the wholesaler and retailer of their product. The company controls their overall business system from suppliers to final consumers. Da Vinci’s Pizza’s type of organizational arrangement for distribution is a corporate vertical marketing system. Da Vinci’s Pizza chose this kind of structure for them to perform distribution functions efficiently. This kind of structure offers the advantage of channel control. Distribution activities of Da Vinci’s Pizza is coordinated and integrated, resulting in efficient functioning of distribution activities with minimal overlaps duplication of effort. It also provides Da Vinci’s Pizza a continuous performance and control over their marketing function.

At present, the trend when it comes to doing business is using modern high technology. Da Vinci’s Pizza is using an oven, to cook pizzas in a fraction of a time. They also have freezers where they store their perishable ingredients and other goods. They also have telephones, fax machines and cash registers to enable them to provide fast services. They also have their own websites for people who are into surfing the net and for wide reach to its market.

They have several Value Adding Processes which serves as an advantage over their competitions, they are as follows:
Free delivery of goods from suppliers to commissary
With that, there would be no additional expense for Da Vinci’s, resulting to cheaper price for every pizza.
Fresh goods delivered by suppliers to Da Vinci’s commissary
Usually Da Vinci’s Pizza would order their supplies 3 times a week, like their meat and vegetables products and ones a week for their dry goods like soft drinks, canned goods and so on. They don’t stock their ingredients for a long time; they just order enough for every weeks demand or for sufficient for a month or two. This is to maintain the freshness of each product being served.
Cleanliness of vehicles used to transport supplies and freshly stored goods in well cleaned facility used by the commissary
In the process of transporting the supplies from the supplier to the commissary as well as from the commissary to each 5 branches, the vehicles and the ingredients are well cleaned. Regarding the storage of supplies in the commissary, meat and vegetable products are stored in refrigerators to maintain its freshness and cleanliness. While for dry goods, they are positioned in well cleaned and cool dry place.
Free delivery from commissary to the 5 branches
The commissary has their own van, so after the ingredients are divided according to the orders of each branches, they are delivered free of charge.
Fast service
Although the pizzas of Da Vinci’s are made to order, they can serve their pizzas as fast as 15 minutes after it is ordered. When it comes to home or office deliveries, they can deliver your pizzas right in front your doorsteps for a fraction 30 minutes.

Accommodating Employees
At Da Vinci’s Pizzas, you are served by well trained and accommodating employees. Each employee is obliged to attend 10 days of training before they are accepted. They are oriented to always put a smile in their face and to always remember that customers are always right.
Accepts up to 3: 00 am of home and office deliveries
Also, Da Vinci’s Pizzas offers a good and unique service wherein they serve and deliver pizzas until 2:00 o’clock in the morning.
Reasonable and Affordable Prices
Da Vinci’s Pizzas offer reasonable and affordable pizzas, which is not heavy in the pocket. They make sure that their prices are affordable for the masses without sacrificing taste and quality. To maintain this they make sure that they get supplies at low prices but of good quality.

Weakness
One of their weaknesses is in their production; Da Vinci’s Pizza still can’t meet the demands of pizza for their customers, even if they already have five branches in Cebu. Another weakness of the Da Vinci’s Pizza is in marketing, as of the moment they do have radio ads, but still they need help and assistance in the marketing aspect.
Da Vinci’s Pizzas unfortunately doesn’t have any substitute products. They do have other offerings but these are products that they do not manufacture, like sodas and junk food. Da Vinci’s Pizza is in the process of developing other products to offer to its consumers. So as of now they are still concentrating on their pizzas and making a name for their company.

Opportunities
At present Da Vinci’s Pizza is serving any walk- in customers and accepts deliveries within designated places in Cebu Province. Their target markets are people ages 13 to 30. They have already a number of loyal customers that come and go to their five branches. Basically their target markets are young professionals (e.g. Call Center Agents), teens (with friends) and families. The demand for Da Vinci’s Pizza is high enough for the company to expand or create more outlets to fully utilize the opportunity.
Since the company employs the world wide web as one of its marketing channels, they could use this medium to target more customers. They may also use the website to study the probability of setting up outlets beyond Cebu City.

Threats
In Terms of actual values or social norms, it has already changed in the course of time. Major impact on individual preferences for product and the way in which those products are distributed have been focus for some customers. That is one of the things that the Da Vinci’s Pizza is trying to capture, through a trend in giving towards customers demand and giving them all convenience in satisfying their hunger such as home deliveries and fast services. Da Vinci offers very affordable pizzas, to answer the nature of people always wanting things at lower price. The company must be vigilant for any development or shift on this particular aspect.
In regards to economic environment, Da Vinci’s made it to the point that their pizzas are affordable without sacrificing quality and taste. They make sure that whether their target market has less disposable income, they can still afford to buy their pizzas. They are aware of what is happening in the economy. They know that changes in economic conditions have significant impact to them and their market. There are even tendencies that when the price of their raw materials increases, they have no choice but also to increase the prices of their pizzas. This sends a signal to the company to always be aware of changes on economic variables.
When it comes to a global perspective, Da Vinci’s Pizza has a number of competitors that has already captured a bigger market in the local industry and as well as the international scene, namely Pizza Hut, Greenwich, and Shakey’s, among others. These competitors have gone a long way when it comes to their revenues and share in the market as well as their gross profit margin. With regards with the changes in the global environment such as oil increase, peso dollar rate and terrorism, Da Vinci’s Pizza is sometimes directly affected with these kinds of occurrences. It is vital for the company to protect its competitive advantage and maintain the innovativeness in generating more types pf pizzas. This method will retain customer reception of their product.
Da Vinci’s Pizzas unfortunately doesn’t have any substitute products. They do have other offerings but these are products that they do not manufacture, like sodas and junk food. The company is aware of this kind of threat to them because majority of their competitors have substitute products.


RECOMMENDATIONS
The company should maintain to be adaptive to its dynamic environment. Flexibility is pivotal at this point of time and in order for this to happen, the company should modify some parts of its channel structure at best and improve on channels that give them an edge over competition at the very least. We’ve observed that the demand for their pizzas are rapidly increasing, the company can exploit this opportunity through expanding existing outlets or adding more chain restaurants.
The common concern is on their delivery, it would be wise to add motorcycles per branch so that delay can be avoided when pizzas are delivered to customers. In this way, they can not only meet the demands of customers but also retain their loyalty because of the firm’s fast quality service.
Since the company only accepts payments by cash, maybe the company could look into the possibility of accepting payments through credit cards. Consumers nowadays are going towards credit cards rather than bringing cash.
Since Da Vinci’s Pizza don’t spend much for advertising, one simple and cheap way to do advertising is to have a uniformed motorcycle with a logo of the company in order for the people to recognize them. Create a map that would help the delivery man to locate the place faster for them to deliver the pizzas at lesser time.
In four years of operation, they achieve a high demand but right now Da Vinci’s Pizza is not yet that flexible in terms of their channel distribution to meet the demand of the customers. They need to put up an additional branch to meet the demand of their customers.
Lastly, the company must maintain its constant interaction to customers as a means to evaluate their wants. This will serve as an avenue for the company to generate types of pizzas that are relevant to consumers’ taste or preferences.

Sample Marketing Plan

MARKETING PLAN

PRODUCT: WATCH (Water Resistant)
DESCRIPTION:
This product is fashionable and a water-resistant watch with different style such as heart, stars, with cartoon characters and colors that will fit the different personalities of the consumer. It is made a high quality material from different countries abroad. This can last life-long.
Based on consumer preferences and likeness, some watches may have special features such as determine the heartbeat of the user.

ADAVANTAGES:
·         Comfortable or convenient to use
·         Prices with fit the quality of the product
·         Has a 1 yr. Warranty
·         Changeable

TARGET MARKET
          Geographic
                   Countries: Asian Countries
          Demographic
                   Age: 6-12, 13-19, 20-30, 30 above
                   Gender: Male, Female
                   Family Size: 1-2, 3-4, 5 +
                   Family Life - cycle: Kids; teens; young, single; married, no children; young, married with children; older married with children; older married, no children, under 18; older, single; others.
                   Income: P 5,000 Above
                   Occupation: professionals, technical, managers, officials, proprietors, clerical, sales, crafts people, supervisor, operatives, students, and retirees. 
                   Education: Elementary, High school and College
                   Religion: Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, Hindu, Born-again, and others
                   Nationality: Filipinos, Taiwanese, Malaysian, Indonesian, and others
          Psychographic
                   Social Class: Working class, Middle class, and Upper middle, Lower upper and Upper- uppers
                   Lifestyle: Achievers, Strivers
                   Personality: Compulsive, Gregarious, Authoritarian, and Ambitious
          Behavioral
                   Benefits: quality service, convenience, economy, speeds
                   User Status: Potential user, Regular user,
                   User Rates: Light, medium, heavy user
                   Readiness Stage: Aware, inform, interested and intending to buy
                   Attitude toward the product: Positive, indifferent, and enthusiastic

COMPETITOR
          Brands that already exist in the market that consider

Major Competitor:
·         Timex
·         Swatch
·         Citizens
·         Seiko
Minor Competitor:
·         Jewelry Shop
·         Pawnshops
·         Accessory Shop
·         Watch Repair Shop

The major competitor that already exist in the such as Timex, and swatch are the brands that has already placed in the market and positioned their product of the mind of the consumer.

OPERATING METHODS
·         Competitor may price their product more to their production cost.
·         They may also improve the quality of their products and services that can lead to the increasing of their products’ prices.

PRICING

          Production Cost + Fixed Cost + Mark-up
                               Total Sales                          =     Price per unit

MARKETING METHODS
·         Advertisement through media, televisions, newspaper and flyers
·         We will build our main branch and put retail outlets in the malls
                            
QUESTIONS:

1.    What are the major differences or emphasis among the 3 perspectives?
_ The product we has needs a rational perspective from the consumer, since they are careful and analytical decision maker who tries to maximize utility in purchase decision. But in some way or another, consumers may also be influence through behavioral perspective, since they may also be influence by the external factors in the environment.
And other may perceive the product through experiential perspective stressing the gestalt or the totality of the product or service experience.

2.    Which is the most likely type of problem solving activity for the product you have selected.
_ Extensive or extended problem solving process with high involvement of consumers

3.    What are characteristics of the product made it so?
·         high risk and involvement
·         Extensive research
·         Multiple sources consulted prior to store visits
·         Information process actively
·         Many criteria used
·         Communication with store personnel often desirable

Contextual Versus Bahavioral Marketing

Contextual marketing - is when marketers target users with ads that are served based on a given Web page's content.

Behavioral marketing - targets consumers based on their behavior on Web sites, rather than purely by the content of pages they visit. 

Zenith Computer Terminals, Inc. - Case Study

CASE 1
Zenith computer Terminals, Inc.:
Development of total Business Plan
                         
1.         Sales                                                                                        12,000,000
            Less: Expenses                                   
            Salary                                                  1,800,000
                                                                       
Production
            Computer Terminals                            7,200,000

Marketing
            Salary                                                  600,000
            Direct Marketing                                 600,000

Administration           
            Managers Salary                                  240,000
            Clericals                                              150,000
            General Overhead                               60,000

Services Department                                      
            Salary                                                  320,000
            Tools and Equipment                          30,000                         11,000,000
Net Profit                                                                                             1,000,000
                                                                                                            12,000,000


2. What would be the net profit if Sales?

            a. Sales                                    10,000,000
                Less Expense:                     11,000,000
                Net Loss                              (1,000,000)

            b. Sales                                    14,000,000
                Less Expense                      11,000,000
                Net Profit                            3,000,000


  1. The Sales Department
The Sales Force must be expanded to meet targeted sales of  $ 12,000,000.
Hiring a sales rep normally takes about a month. It is desirable to recruit and hire all the new reps at one time. Training of new reps takes four weeks of the classroom time followed by a month of on-job-coaching in the field. The sales manager must handle the classroom segment but can delegate three of the field training weeks to senior sales reps, as long as he personally handles at least one week of coaching during the new sales reps’ first month in the field.

            The Production Department
Two weeks will be needed to recruit and select 10 additional workers for the new production line and another two weeks will be needed to train them on existing equipment. The 1,000 new terminals will be sold during the fourth quarter. They will not be produced and delivered until the first quarter of year.

            The Marketing Department
Sales Department will plan and implement a one-week workshop in late September to introduce the new terminal to sales reps. Two months will be needed to select a vendor for this, and about six months’ lead time will required to develop a production model. A sales brochure to accompany this introduction cannot be started until the new product is about one- third finished, and this brochure will require three to four months to write and print.

            The Administration Department
This evaluation should take about a month. The entire administrative function must be computerized during the next two years. He has asked the administration manger to do an internal study, with a task force the staff, and to present a report by December 1 of the coming year. Based on Rob’s discussion, he estimates that the task force will need a month for each of the four other departments, a month for interviewing computer vendors, and two months to write a comprehensive report.

            The Service Department
This could be alleviated by additional service reps. having the staff sell maintenance contracts to customers. The sales manger anticipates needing about six months to design the program and get it kicked off. The manger is also planning on hiring the new service immediately; about a month will be needed to hire and train them.

Functional Structure - Organizational Structure

Diagram of Typical Functional Structure:

Advantages

  1. Economies or scale in administration costs activities
  2. Good for small-sized firms
  3. Easy to identify talents
  4. Foster high centralization of decision-making
  5. Promotes high task and activity specialization
  6. Supports a low-cost leadership strategy
  7. Supports vertical integration in a business
  8. Best for undiversified firms
Disadvantages:
  1. Coordination difficulties arise when firm diversifies
  2. Difficult for each function to accommodates needs of other functions
  3. Divergent goals and objectives based on each function
  4. Inflexible with broad-based global or multi-domestic strategies
  5. Need extensive modification to support differentiation strategies
  6. Poor fit for highly diversified firm

Forms of Organization Structure

  1. Functional Structure - An organizational structure that groups managers and employees  according to theri areas of expertise and skills to perform their tasks.
  2. Product Divisions - The most basic form of product structure in which each division houses all of the functions necessary for it to carry out its own strategy and mission.
  3. Geographic Division Structure - Organization firm that divides and organizes the firms's activities according to where operations and people are located.